分裂

ぶんれつ

split, division, break up

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"分裂" (fēn liè) primarily means "to split" or "to divide" and is often used to describe the breaking apart of groups, organizations, or biological cells. It carries a formal tone and is common in political, social, and scientific contexts.

Common Contexts

  • Political or social groups splitting due to disagreements.
  • Biological processes like cell division.
  • Organizational or company internal divisions causing problems.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 部分 (nèibù fēnliè): internal split, often used for organizations or parties.
  • 细胞分裂 (xìbāo fēnliè): cell division, a biological term.
  • 发生分裂 (fāshēng fēnliè): to undergo a split.

Usage Notes

"分裂" is more formal and specific than general words for "break" or "separate." It implies a clear division into parts, often with a negative or serious connotation, especially in social or political contexts. Avoid using it for casual or physical breaking of objects; other verbs like "" or "" are more appropriate there.

Common Confusion

Do not confuse "分裂" with "" (to separate) which is more neutral and can be used for physical separation without the implication of conflict or division within a group.

Example Sentences

This political party split due to internal disagreements.

Cell division is an important process for growth and reproduction in

The internal split within the company caused management chaos.