縮まる

ちぢまる

to be shortened, to be contracted, to shrink

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 縮まる (ちぢまる) means "to be shortened," "to shrink," or "to contract." It is an intransitive verb, so it describes something becoming smaller or shorter by itself.

Common Contexts

  1. Physical shrinking, such as clothes or materials getting smaller.
  2. Abstract shortening, like distances, time, or gaps between people becoming less.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 距離が縮まる (きょりがちぢまる): "distance shortens" — often used to describe emotional or physical closeness increasing.
  • 時間が縮まる (じかんがちぢまる): "time shortens" — used when deadlines or available time decreases.
  • セーターが縮まる: "a sweater shrinks" — common for clothes shrinking after washing or drying.

Register and Nuance

This verb is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. It often implies a natural or inevitable process rather than an intentional action.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 縮まる (intransitive) with 縮める (ちぢめる), which is the transitive form meaning "to shorten something." Remember 縮まる describes something becoming shorter by itself.

Example Sentences

きょりがちぢまると、もっとしたしくなれる。

When the distance shortens, you can become closer.

ふゆになると、セーターがちぢまることがある。

In winter, sweaters sometimes shrink.

じかんがちぢまっているので、いそいでじゅんびしてください。

Since the time is running short, please hurry and prepare.