大人

おとな

adult

JLPT N5

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"大人" primarily means "adult" or "grown-up" in modern Mandarin. It refers to a person who is mature, responsible, and legally an adult. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to distinguish adults from children.

Formal and Historical Use

Besides the common meaning, "大人" historically served as a respectful title for officials or people with authority, especially in classical texts. This usage is less common today but may appear in literature or formal contexts.

Common Collocations

  • 大人 (dàren men): adults (plural), often used in public announcements or polite address.
  • 成为大人 (chéngwéi dàren): to become an adult, emphasizing maturity or legal age.
  • 大人做主 (dàren zuò zhǔ): adults make decisions, highlighting responsibility.

Nuances and Tips

When using "大人" to refer to adults, it often implies maturity and responsibility beyond just age. Avoid confusing it with "成年" which is more formal/legal. Also, "大人" can be used politely to address adults collectively, especially in public or formal settings.

Common Confusion

"大人" can sometimes be mistaken for "大人" meaning "lord" or "master" in historical or literary contexts. Context usually clarifies the meaning, but learners should be aware of this dual usage.

Example Sentences

He is already an adult and should make decisions on his own.

Adults, please line up and wait; do not crowd.

In ancient times, ‘大人’ was also used as an honorific for officials or people