first of the ten Heavenly Stems 干

JLPT N5 5 strokes

Words with this Kanji

Overview

The character (jiǎ) primarily refers to the first of the ten Heavenly Stems, an ancient Chinese cyclical system used in calendars and traditional contexts. Beyond this, also means "armor" or "shell," often used to describe protective coverings like a beetle's shell or armor plating.

Common Uses

  • As a numeral or rank: often denotes the highest rank or first class, such as in awards () or grading systems.
  • As a noun for armor or shell: It describes hard protective layers, commonly in biology or military contexts.

Collocations and Patterns

  • (jiǎ děng): first class, top grade, used in competitions or evaluations.
  • (jiǎ ké): shell or carapace, especially of insects or crustaceans.
  • (jiǎ gǔ wén): oracle bone script, an ancient form of Chinese writing.

Usage Notes

When is used to indicate rank or order, it implies superiority or primacy. In contrast, when referring to armor or shells, it is a concrete noun describing a physical object. Avoid confusing with (yǐ), the second Heavenly Stem, which often appears together in expressions to indicate order or comparison.

Register and Tone

is a formal character often seen in historical, literary, or official contexts. In everyday speech, its use is more limited to fixed expressions or specialized terms.

Example Sentences

Jiǎ is the first of the ten Heavenly Stems.

The color of this beetle's shell is very bright.

He won the first-class prize in the competition.