余分

よぶん

extra, excess, surplus

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word "" (yúfèn) means "extra," "excess," or "surplus." It is commonly used to describe quantities or amounts that are more than what is needed or expected.

Common Contexts

"" often appears in contexts involving materials, supplies, seating, or food, where there is a consideration of having more than necessary. It can be used in both formal and informal situations.

Collocations and Patterns

  • (extra materials): used when referring to surplus resources.
  • (extra seats): often used in event planning.
  • 时间 (extra time): referring to additional time available.

Usage Notes

When using "," the speaker usually implies that the extra amount is available for use or can be stored. It is neutral in tone and does not carry a negative connotation by itself. However, context can imply wastefulness if the surplus is unnecessary.

Common Confusions

Do not confuse "" with "," which also means "excess" but often carries a stronger nuance of redundancy or unnecessary surplus. "" is more neutral and factual about the quantity.

Example Sentences

Please put the extra materials back in the warehouse.

Extra seats were prepared for this event in case someone joins at the last minute.

You brought a bit of extra food; if you can't finish it, you can take it home.