無駄

むだ

futility, uselessness

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"無駄" (むだ) means something is futile, useless, or a waste. It is often used to describe actions, efforts, or things that do not produce any meaningful result.

Common Contexts

You will hear "無駄" in everyday conversation when someone wants to express that an effort or action is pointless or wasted. It can describe wasted time, energy, or resources.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 無駄な時間 (むだなじかん): wasted time
  • 無駄にする: to waste (time, money, effort)
  • 無駄を省く (むだをはぶく): to eliminate waste
  • 無駄だ: it’s useless or pointless

Register and Nuance

"無駄" is neutral and common in both casual and formal speech. It can sometimes sound a bit blunt or critical, so be mindful of tone when using it.

Common Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse "無駄" with "無理" (impossible). Remember, "無駄" focuses on futility or waste, while "無理" means something cannot be done or is unreasonable.

Example Sentences

そんなにおこってもむだだよ。

It's useless to get that angry.

むだなじかんをすごしてしまった。

I ended up wasting time.

むだをはぶいてこうりつよくしごとをすすめよう。

Let's eliminate waste and work efficiently.