正当

せいとう

just, due, proper

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"正当" (せいとう) is a formal adjective used to describe something that is just, proper, or legitimate. It often appears in legal, formal, or serious contexts where fairness or correctness is emphasized.

Common Contexts

You will frequently see "正当" in phrases related to rights, procedures, or defenses, such as "正当な理由" (justifiable reason), "正当な手続き" (proper procedure), and "正当防衛" (justifiable self-defense).

Collocations and Patterns

  • 正当な理由: a justifiable or legitimate reason
  • 正当な手続き: proper or legitimate procedures
  • 正当防衛: justifiable self-defense

These collocations are often used in formal writing, legal documents, or serious discussions.

Nuances and Register

"正当" carries a formal tone and is rarely used in casual conversation. It implies that something is not only correct but also morally or legally acceptable.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "正当" with "正確" (accurate) or "適当" (appropriate). Remember, "正当" emphasizes legitimacy and fairness rather than mere correctness or suitability.

Example Sentences

かれのしゅちょうはせいとうなりゆうにもとづいている。

His claim is based on a justifiable reason.

せいとうなてつづきをふんでしんせいしてください。

Please apply following the proper procedures.

かれのこうどうはせいとうぼうえいとしてみとめられた。

His actions were recognized as justifiable self-defense.