prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the order

JLPT N1

Usage of

The character (lǎo) is commonly used as a prefix before surnames to express familiarity or respect, especially among friends or colleagues. For example, (Old Wang) refers to someone named Wang in a friendly or respectful way.

It also indicates birth order among siblings, such as (lǎodà) meaning the eldest child, (lǎoèr) the second child, and so on. This usage is very common in family contexts.

Additionally, can describe something or someone as old or aged, often with a neutral or affectionate tone, like 朋友 (old friend).

Common collocations:

  • + surname (e.g., ): shows familiarity or respect
  • + number (e.g., ): indicates birth order
  • + noun (e.g., 老师, literally 'old master'): often a respectful title

Notes:

Avoid confusing as a standalone adjective meaning 'old' with its use as a prefix. When used as a prefix, it conveys affection or respect rather than just age.