異常

いじょう

strangeness, abnormality, disorder

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Understanding 異常 (いじょう)

The word 異常 means 'abnormality' or 'strangeness' and is commonly used to describe situations, conditions, or behaviors that deviate from the norm. It is often used in technical contexts (like machinery or weather) but also in everyday conversation to point out something unusual or problematic.

Usage and Nuance

異常 carries a neutral to slightly negative tone, indicating that something is not right or is out of the ordinary. It is more formal than casual words like おかしい (strange) and is often found in written or official contexts.

Common Collocations

  • 異常がある: there is an abnormality or problem
  • 異常気象: abnormal weather
  • 異常な行動: abnormal behavior

These collocations help specify the type of abnormality and are frequently used in news, reports, and technical discussions.

Tips for Learners

Be careful not to confuse 異常 with 普通 (normal) or 正常 (normal, proper). 異常 specifically highlights something unusual or problematic. When describing people’s behavior, 異常な行動 implies something seriously off or concerning, so use it carefully to avoid sounding too harsh.

Summary

異常 is a useful word for pointing out abnormalities in various contexts, from machines to weather to behavior. It is formal and often used in written or official speech, making it important for intermediate learners to recognize and use appropriately.

Example Sentences

きかいにいじょうがはっせいしたので、すぐにてんけんしてください。

An abnormality occurred in the machine, so please inspect it immediately.

かれのこうどうにはなにかいじょうなてんがある。

There is something abnormal about his behavior.

いじょうきしょうのえいきょうで、ことしはもうしょがつづいている。

Due to abnormal weather, this year the heatwave has continued.