円滑

えんかつ

harmony, smoothness

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"円滑" (えんかつ) means "smooth" or "harmonious," often used to describe processes, communication, or relationships that proceed without problems or friction. It is a formal word commonly found in business or official contexts.

Common Collocations

  • 円滑に進む: to proceed smoothly
  • 円滑なコミュニケーション: smooth communication
  • 円滑な関係: harmonious relationship

These collocations emphasize the absence of obstacles or conflicts.

Nuances and Register

"円滑" carries a polite and formal tone, suitable for professional or academic settings. It implies efficiency and cooperation. Avoid using it in casual conversations where simpler words like "スムーズ" might be preferred.

Common Learner Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse "円滑" with "滑らか" (なめらか), which also means smooth but is more about texture or physical smoothness. Remember, "円滑" is about smoothness in processes or interactions, not physical surfaces.

Example Sentences

かいぎがえんかつにすすむように、じぜんにしりょうをはいふした。

To ensure the meeting proceeds smoothly, we distributed the materials in advance.

えんかつなこみゅにけーしょんはちーむのせいこうにかかせない。

Smooth communication is essential for the team's success.

あたらしいしすてむのどうにゅうでぎょうむがえんかつにおこなわれるようになった。

With the introduction of the new system, operations have started to run smoothly.