邪魔

じゃま

hindrance, intrusion

JLPT N4

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"邪魔" (じゃま) is a common noun and na-adjective meaning "hindrance," "obstruction," or "intrusion." It is often used to describe something or someone that gets in the way physically or mentally.

Common Contexts

You will hear "邪魔" when talking about physical obstacles, like objects blocking a path, or distractions that interfere with concentration or activities. It can also be used politely to ask someone not to disturb or interrupt.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 邪魔になる: to become a hindrance or obstacle
  • 邪魔をする: to disturb or interrupt someone
  • 邪魔しないでください: a polite request to not disturb

Register and Nuance

"邪魔" is neutral and can be used in casual and polite contexts. When used as "邪魔しないでください," it is a polite way to ask for no interruptions. It can sometimes sound a bit direct if used bluntly.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "邪魔" with "迷惑" (めいわく), which also means "trouble" or "annoyance." "邪魔" focuses more on physical or mental obstruction, while "迷惑" emphasizes causing inconvenience or nuisance to others.

Example Sentences

つうろににもつをおくと、じゃまになりますよ。

If you put your luggage in the passageway, it will be a hindrance.

べんきょうしているときにてれびのおとがじゃまだ。

The sound of the TV is a distraction when I'm studying.

じゃましないでください。いまはいそがしいです。

Please don't disturb me. I'm busy right now.