city

JLPT N4

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word 市 (し) primarily means "city" in Japanese. It refers to an administrative division larger than a town but smaller than a prefecture. It is commonly used in addresses, official documents, and everyday conversation when talking about urban areas.

Common Contexts

市 is often seen in place names (e.g., 横浜市, さいたま市) and in government-related terms like 市役所 (city hall). It can also appear in discussions about local events, population, or city services.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 市役所 (しやくしょ): city hall, used when referring to municipal government offices.
  • 市長 (しちょう): mayor, the elected head of a city.
  • 市内 (しない): inside the city, used to describe locations within city limits.
  • 市民 (しみん): city residents or citizens.

Register and Nuance

市 is a neutral, standard term used in both formal and informal contexts. It is not casual slang but is common in everyday speech and official language.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 市 with 町 (まち), which means "town" or "neighborhood." 市 is larger and has more administrative authority than 町. Remember that 市 refers to a city-level municipality.

Example Sentences

とうきょうはにほんでいちばんおおきなしです。

Tokyo is the largest city in Japan.

しやくしょにいって、じゅうみんひょうをもらいました。

I went to the city hall and got a resident certificate.

このしはまいとしおまつりがとてもにぎやかです。

This city’s festival is very lively every year.