勝手に

かってに

arbitrarily,

JLPT N2

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"勝手に" means doing something arbitrarily or without permission. It often implies that the action was done selfishly or without considering others. It can be used to criticize or question someone's behavior.

Common Contexts

You will frequently hear "勝手に" when someone acts without asking or disregards rules or social norms. It can be used in both casual and formal situations, but the tone often carries a mild reproach.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 勝手に入る: to enter without permission
  • 勝手に決める: to decide arbitrarily
  • 勝手に使う: to use without permission

These phrases highlight the sense of doing something without consent or consideration.

Nuance and Register

While "勝手に" can be used neutrally to describe an action done independently, it often has a negative nuance implying selfishness or rudeness. Be careful not to use it when you want to politely express independent action.

Common Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse "勝手に" with simply "自由に" (freely). "自由に" is more neutral and positive, while "勝手に" often suggests disregard for others or rules.

Example Sentences

かれはわたしのきょかなしにかってにへやにはいった。

He entered the room arbitrarily without my permission.

かってにきめないでください。

Please don't decide arbitrarily.

かってにつかってもいいですか?

Is it okay if I use it without asking?