機関

きかん

engine

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word "機関" (きかん) has two main meanings: it can refer to a mechanical engine or motor, especially in vehicles like trains, or it can mean an organization or agency, such as a government institution or corporate body.

Common Contexts

When used in a mechanical context, "機関" often appears in phrases related to trains or engines, e.g., "機関車" (steam locomotive). In organizational contexts, it refers to formal institutions, such as "政府の機関" (government agency).

Collocations and Patterns

  • 機関車 (きかんしゃ): locomotive, a common compound referring to train engines.
  • 政府の機関 (せいふのきかん): government agency, used when talking about official organizations.
  • 機関が故障する (きかんがこしょうする): the engine breaks down, used in mechanical failure contexts.

Register and Nuance

"機関" is a neutral term used in both formal and informal contexts depending on the compound or phrase. When referring to organizations, it tends to be formal. When referring to engines, it is technical but common in everyday conversation about trains or machinery.

Common Learner Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse "機関" with "機械" (きかい), which means "machine." Remember, "機関" often refers specifically to the engine or an institution, while "機械" is a broader term for machines in general.

Example Sentences

このきかんはあたらしいエンジンをかいはつしています。

This organization is developing a new engine.

れっしゃのきかんがこしょうして、おくれがでました。

The train's engine broke down, causing a delay.

せいふのきかんがあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうしました。

A government agency announced a new policy.