JLPT N4

Meaning and Usage

The word "裏" (うら) primarily means "the back side" or "reverse side" of something tangible, like paper, clothing, or coins. It is often used to describe the opposite side that is not immediately visible or the hidden part.

Figurative Use

"裏" can also be used figuratively to describe the hidden or secret side of a person or situation, such as someone's true feelings or intentions that differ from their outward appearance.

Common Collocations

  • 裏側 (うらがわ): the back side or reverse side of an object
  • 裏返す (うらがえす): to turn something over, flip
  • 裏切る (うらぎる): to betray (literally "to cut the back")
  • 裏話 (うらばなし): behind-the-scenes story or secret

Register and Nuance

"裏" is a neutral term used in both formal and informal contexts. When used figuratively, it often implies something hidden or secretive, sometimes with a negative nuance like deceit or betrayal.

Learner Tips

Be careful not to confuse "裏" with "表" (おもて), which means the front or surface side. Also, "裏" is not used for the inside of containers or rooms; for those, words like "中" (なか) or "内" (うち) are used instead.

Example Sentences

このかみのうらにじゅうしょをかいてください。

Please write your address on the back of this paper.

かれはおもてではやさしいが、うらではつめたいひとだ。

He is kind on the surface, but cold behind the scenes.

このコインのうらにはくにのもんしょうがきざまれている。

The back of this coin is engraved with the country's emblem.