阻む

はばむ

to keep someone from doing, to stop, to oppose

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb "阻む" (はばむ) means to block, hinder, or prevent something from happening. It is often used in formal or written contexts to describe obstacles or opposition that stop progress or action.

Common Contexts

"阻む" is frequently used when talking about physical barriers, such as accidents or objects blocking a path, as well as abstract obstacles like opposition to plans or efforts.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 計画を阻む (けいかくをはばむ): to obstruct a plan
  • 通行を阻む (つうこうをはばむ): to block passage
  • 成功を阻む (せいこうをはばむ): to hinder success

These phrases highlight how "阻む" is used to indicate something actively preventing or blocking an intended outcome.

Register and Nuance

"阻む" tends to be more formal and is common in written Japanese, such as news reports or formal speeches. In casual conversation, simpler verbs like "止める" or "妨げる" might be preferred.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "阻む" with "妨げる" (さまたげる), which also means to hinder or obstruct. While similar, "阻む" often implies a more direct or forceful blocking, whereas "妨げる" can be more about interference or disturbance. Choosing the right verb depends on the nuance you want to express.

Example Sentences

かれのけいかくをはばむものはなにもない。

There is nothing that can stop his plan.

こうつうじこがどうろのつうこうをはばんでいる。

The traffic accident is blocking the road.

かのじょはこんなんにくっせず、せいこうをはばむものをのりこえた。

She did not give in to difficulties and overcame what was blocking her success.