Meaning and Usage
The suffix ～済 (～ずみ) indicates that something has been completed or finished. It is often attached to nouns to express that an action related to that noun is done, such as payment, registration, or confirmation.
Common Contexts
You will frequently see ～済 used in formal or business contexts, such as receipts (支払い済), registrations (登録済), or documents (確認済). It conveys a sense of completion and is useful for confirming status.
Collocations and Patterns
- 支払い済み (しはらいずみ): payment completed
- 登録済み (とうろくずみ): registered
- 確認済み (かくにんずみ): confirmed
These collocations are often used in official documents, emails, or notices.
Nuances and Tips
Using ～済 implies that no further action is needed regarding the matter. It is a concise way to confirm completion. Be careful not to confuse ～済 with verbs ending in ～ずみ that might look similar but have different meanings. Also, ～済 is usually written in kanji plus hiragana, but sometimes only in kanji.
Formality
This suffix is neutral to formal and common in written Japanese, especially in business or administrative language.