Meaning and Usage
The verb "責める" (せめる) primarily means "to blame," "to criticize," or "to condemn." It is often used when someone holds another person responsible for a mistake or fault. This word carries a somewhat strong nuance of reproach or moral judgment.
Common Contexts
"責める" is frequently used in personal relationships, such as between parents and children, friends, or colleagues, where one party expresses dissatisfaction or disappointment. It can also be reflexive, where a person blames themselves.
Collocations and Patterns
- 責める + 人 (e.g., 彼を責める): to blame someone directly.
- 〜のことで責める: to blame someone for something specific.
- 自分を責める: to blame oneself.
- 厳しく責める: to criticize harshly.
Register and Politeness
"責める" is neutral in formality but can sound strong or harsh depending on context. It is common in both spoken and written Japanese but should be used carefully to avoid sounding too accusatory.
Common Mistakes
Learners sometimes confuse "責める" with "攻める" (also read せめる), which means "to attack" in a physical or strategic sense. Remember that "責める" relates to blame or criticism, not physical attack.