伝染

でんせん

contagion

JLPT N2

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"伝染" (でんせん) specifically refers to the transmission or spread of infectious diseases or contagions. It is often used in medical or health-related contexts to describe how illnesses can pass from one person to another.

Common Collocations

  • 伝染病 (でんせんびょう): contagious disease
  • 伝染する (でんせんする): to be contagious, to spread infection
  • 伝染経路 (でんせんけいろ): route of infection

Usage Notes

When using "伝染," the focus is on the infectious nature of a disease or condition. It is more formal and technical than simply saying "spread" and is often used in news reports, medical discussions, or warnings.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "伝染" with "感染" (かんせん), which also means infection. "感染" emphasizes the state of being infected, while "伝染" emphasizes the act or process of transmission. Use "伝染" when talking about how a disease spreads between people.

Politeness and Register

"伝染" is neutral and appropriate in both formal and informal contexts, but it is mostly used in written or formal spoken Japanese rather than casual conversation.

Example Sentences

いんふるえんざはかんたんにでんせんするのでちゅういがひつようです。

Influenza spreads easily, so caution is necessary.

でんせんびょうのよぼうにはてあらいがこうかてきです。

Washing hands is effective in preventing contagious diseases.

かれのせきはでんせんするかのうせいがあるので、ますくをしてください。

His cough might be contagious, so please wear a mask.