淡水

たんすい

fresh water

JLPT N2

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"淡水" (たんすい) means "fresh water," referring to water that is not salty, such as rivers, lakes, and ponds. It contrasts with "海水" (かいすい), which means seawater. This term is often used in scientific, environmental, and everyday contexts when distinguishing types of water.

Common Collocations

  • 淡水魚 (たんすいぎょ): freshwater fish, used when talking about fish species living in non-salty water.
  • 淡水湖 (たんすいこ): freshwater lake, a common geographic term.
  • 淡水資源 (たんすいしげん): freshwater resources, often used in environmental discussions.

Register and Nuance

"淡水" is a neutral term, appropriate in both formal and informal contexts. It is commonly used in scientific and educational materials but also appears in everyday conversation when discussing water types.

Learner Tips

Be careful not to confuse "淡水" with "温水" (おんすい, warm water) or "海水" (かいすい, seawater). "淡水" specifically refers to water with low salt content. When talking about fish or bodies of water, using "淡水" correctly helps clarify the environment being discussed.

Example Sentences

たんすいぎょはかいすいぎょとちがってえんぶんをふくまないみずでいきています。

Freshwater fish live in water that does not contain salt, unlike saltwater fish.

このみずうみはたんすいでできているので、およぐのにてきしています。

This lake is made of fresh water, so it is suitable for swimming.

たんすいとかいすいのきょうかいではとくべつなせいたいけいがみられます。

A special ecosystem can be seen at the boundary between fresh water and seawater.