そと

outside, exterior

JLPT N5

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The character (wài) primarily means "outside" or "external." It is used to indicate a location outside of a place or boundary. It can function as a noun, adjective, or preposition depending on context.

Common Contexts

  • Physical location: describing something outside a building, city, or object (e.g., 城市, 桌子).
  • Abstract or extended meaning: referring to foreign or external things, such as (foreign language).

Collocations and Patterns

  • (wàimiàn): outside (a place or area), very common in daily speech.
  • 公司 (gōngsī wài): outside the company, showing how can follow a noun to indicate outside of that noun.
  • (wàiyǔ): foreign language, showing a compound where means "foreign" or "external" in a broader sense.

Usage Notes

When used as a location marker, often appears after the noun it modifies (e.g., 桌子). It can be interchangeable with but is more colloquial and often used alone as a noun meaning "outside." is also used in compounds to indicate something external or foreign.

Common Confusion

Don't confuse with (lǐ), which means "inside." They are often paired opposites in spatial descriptions. Also, is more conversational, while can be more formal or used in compound words.

Example Sentences

He lives outside the city.

It's very cold outside, remember to wear more clothes.

There are many people lining up outside the company.

He put the book outside the table.

Learning a foreign language requires a lot of listening and speaking.