追い越す

おいこす

to pass (e.g., car), to outdistance, to outstrip

JLPT N2

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 追い越す (おいこす) primarily means "to pass" or "to overtake," often used in contexts like driving or racing. It implies moving ahead of someone or something that was previously in front.

Common Contexts

  • Driving: Passing another vehicle on the road.
  • Sports: Overtaking competitors in a race.
  • Figurative: Surpassing others in speed, progress, or achievement.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 追い越す 車 (おいこす くるま): to pass a car.
  • 追い越される (passive form): to be overtaken.
  • 追い越し禁止 (おいこしきんし): no passing (road sign).

Register and Politeness

This verb is neutral and commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. It is appropriate in everyday conversation and written language.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 追い越す with 追いかける (to chase). Remember, 追い越す means to pass or overtake, while 追いかける means to follow or chase after someone.

Example Sentences

かれはこうそくどうろでトラックをおいこした。

He passed a truck on the highway.

マラソンのとちゅうでおおくのせんしゅをおいこした。

He outdistanced many runners during the marathon.

かのじょはしごとのスピードでどうりょうをおいこした。

She outstripped her colleagues in work speed.