余る

あまる

to be left over, to be in excess

JLPT N2

Character Breakdown

Understanding

The verb る means "to be left over" or "to be in excess." It is commonly used when something remains after use or consumption, such as food, time, or money.

Usage Notes

る often appears in contexts where there is more than needed or expected. It can describe physical leftovers (like food) or abstract leftovers (like time or budget). It is a neutral term without strong positive or negative connotations.

Common Collocations

  • る (food is left over): used when there is uneaten food.
  • る (time is left over): used when there is spare time.
  • る (budget is left over): used in financial contexts.

Tips

When using る, the subject is usually the thing that remains. It is different from verbs like る, which can emphasize the state of remaining or being left behind. る focuses more on the surplus aspect.

Avoid confusing る with りる (to be sufficient), as る implies excess rather than just enough.

Example Sentences

We bought too much food this time; there will still be some left over.

Since there is extra time, let's watch another movie.

If the budget is left over, it can be used for the next project.