乱れる

みだれる

to get confused, to be disordered, to be disturbed

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 乱れる (みだれる) means 'to become disordered,' 'to get messed up,' or 'to be disturbed.' It is often used to describe physical states like hair or clothes getting messy, as well as abstract states such as emotions or schedules becoming chaotic.

Common Contexts

  • Physical disorder: hair, clothes, or objects getting out of place.
  • Emotional disturbance: feelings becoming unsettled or confused.
  • Situational confusion: plans, schedules, or systems becoming disorganized.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 髪が乱れる (hair gets messy): used when wind or activity causes hair to lose neatness.
  • 心が乱れる (mind/emotions get disturbed): describes emotional turmoil or anxiety.
  • スケジュールが乱れる (schedule gets disordered): refers to plans or timetables becoming chaotic.

Register and Nuance

This verb is neutral in politeness and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. It often implies a negative or undesirable change from order to disorder.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 乱れる with 乱す (みだす), which means 'to disturb' or 'to throw into disorder' but is a transitive verb. Remember that 乱れる is intransitive, describing something becoming disordered on its own.

Example Sentences

かぜでかみがみだれた。

My hair got messed up by the wind.

しけんのぷれっしゃーでこころがみだれる。

My mind gets disturbed by the pressure of the exam.

すけじゅーるがみだれてよていがくるった。

The schedule got disordered and the plans went wrong.