まして

まして

still more, still less (with neg. verb), to say nothing of

JLPT N1

Usage of まして

The word まして is used to emphasize a stronger or more extreme case, often following a negative statement or a less intense example. It translates roughly as "still more," "still less," or "to say nothing of." It is commonly used to highlight something that is even less likely or more significant than what was just mentioned.

Common Contexts

It frequently appears in sentences where the first clause sets a baseline (often negative or modest), and まして introduces a more extreme or emphatic example. For instance, if someone cannot do something simple, まして indicates they certainly cannot do something harder.

Collocations and Patterns

  • まして + negative verb: emphasizes something is even less possible.
  • まして + noun/phrase + なら/ならば: used to stress a stronger case when the condition applies.
  • Often used in formal or written Japanese, but also in spoken language for emphasis.

Nuances and Tips

Using まして adds a nuance of logical progression or contrast, implying "if this is true, then that is even more so." Learners should avoid using it in casual conversation where simpler expressions might be preferred. Also, まして is not used alone but always to connect two related ideas.

Common Mistake

A common learner mistake is to use まして without a preceding statement that sets the context. Remember, まして always follows a clause that it intensifies or contrasts with.

Example Sentences

かれはかんじがよめない。ましてかけるはずがない。

He can't read kanji. Still less can he write them.

こどもにさえできるのだから、ましておとなならかんたんだ。

If even children can do it, then still more so adults find it easy.

かれはえいごがはなせない。ましてふらんすごなんてむりだ。

He can't speak English. To say nothing of French, that's impossible.