時刻

じこく

time, hour

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Understanding 時刻 (じこく)

The word 時刻 refers to a specific point in time, often used to indicate scheduled times such as train departures, meetings, or events. It is more formal and precise than just saying 時間 (じかん), which means 'time' in a general sense.

Usage and Nuance

時刻 is commonly used when referring to timetables (時刻表) or fixed schedules. For example, train or bus departure and arrival times are expressed using 時刻. It implies a definite, exact time rather than an approximate duration.

Common Collocations

  • 時刻表 (じこくひょう): timetable, schedule — used for public transportation or event schedules.
  • 出発時刻 (しゅっぱつじこく): departure time — specifying when something leaves.
  • 到着時刻 (とうちゃくじこく): arrival time — specifying when something arrives.

Register and Formality

時刻 is neutral to formal and often appears in written announcements, schedules, and formal conversations about timing. It is less common in casual speech where people might just say 時間 or use other expressions.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 時刻 with 時間. Remember, 時刻 points to a specific moment (e.g., 3 PM), while 時間 refers to a length or period of time (e.g., two hours). Using 時刻 when you mean a duration can sound unnatural.

Example Sentences

でんしゃのじこくをしらべてからでかけましょう。

Let's check the train schedule before we go out.

かいぎのじこくはごごさんじにきまりました。

The meeting time has been set for 3 PM.

じこくひょうをみて、バスのしゅっぱつじこくをかくにんしてください。

Look at the timetable and confirm the bus departure time.