限界

げんかい

limit, bound

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"限界" (げんかい) means "limit" or "boundary" and is often used to describe physical, mental, or situational limits. It can refer to the maximum capacity someone or something can handle.

Common Contexts

You will hear "限界" in everyday conversation when people talk about their endurance, abilities, or when something has reached its maximum extent. It is common in work, sports, and personal challenges.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 限界を超える (げんかいをこえる): to exceed the limit; used when pushing beyond normal boundaries.
  • 限界に達する (げんかいにたっする): to reach the limit; often used to express exhaustion or maximum capacity.
  • 限界を感じる (げんかいをかんじる): to feel the limit; expressing awareness of one’s limits.

Register and Nuance

"限界" is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. It often conveys a sense of finality or exhaustion, so it can carry emotional weight depending on the situation.

Common Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse "限界" with "限度" (げんど), which also means limit but is more about quantitative restrictions or legal limits. "限界" is more about personal or natural boundaries, while "限度" is about fixed limits or allowances.

Example Sentences

かれはもうげんかいだといって、しごとをやめた。

He said he had reached his limit and quit his job.

このたいりょくではげんかいがあるから、むりをしないでください。

With this physical strength, there is a limit, so please don’t overdo it.

げんかいをこえるちょうせんはときにおおきなせいちょうをもたらす。

Challenges that exceed limits sometimes bring great growth.