討つ

うつ

to attack, to avenge

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 討つ (うつ) primarily means "to attack" or "to avenge." It is often used in historical or formal contexts, especially relating to battles, samurai, or acts of revenge. Unlike the more general verb 攻撃する (こうげきする), 討つ carries a nuance of righteous or purposeful attack, often with a moral or honor-related motivation.

Common Collocations

  • 敵を討つ (てきをうつ): to attack the enemy
  • 仇を討つ (かたきをうつ): to avenge a grudge or death
  • 名誉のために討つ (めいよのためにうつ): to attack for honor

These phrases highlight the typical contexts where 討つ is used, often involving conflict, revenge, or honor.

Register and Nuance

討つ is somewhat formal and literary, not commonly used in casual conversation. It appears frequently in historical narratives, literature, and formal speeches. Using it in everyday conversation might sound archaic or overly dramatic.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 討つ with 打つ (also read うつ), which means "to hit" or "to strike" in a general sense. Remember that 討つ specifically implies attacking an enemy or avenging, while 打つ is more general and used in many contexts like typing, hitting a ball, or striking.

Summary

Use 討つ when talking about attacking enemies or avenging someone, especially in formal or historical contexts. Pair it with words like 敵 (enemy) or 仇 (revenge target) to convey clear meaning.

Example Sentences

てきをうつためにぐんたいがしゅっぱつした。

The army set out to attack the enemy.

かれはちちのかたきをうつことをちかった。

He vowed to avenge his father's death.

れきしじょう、おおくのぶしがめいよのためにてきをうった。

Historically, many samurai attacked enemies for honor.