清濁

せいだく

good and evil, purity and impurity

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word 清濁 (せいだく) literally means 'purity and impurity' or 'good and evil.' It is often used in philosophical or literary contexts to describe the coexistence of positive and negative elements in life or human nature.

Common Contexts

You will frequently encounter 清濁 in expressions like 清濁併せ呑む (せいだくあわせのむ), which means to accept or tolerate both good and bad aspects, often implying maturity or wisdom in handling complex situations.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 清濁併せ呑む: to accept both good and bad, used when describing someone who tolerates or embraces complexity.
  • 清濁を分ける: to distinguish between good and evil, often used when discussing moral judgment.

Nuances and Register

This term is formal and somewhat literary, suitable for written language, speeches, or serious discussions. It is not commonly used in casual conversation.

Common Learner Pitfall

Learners might confuse 清濁 with simpler words for good and bad (like 良い and 悪い). Remember, 清濁 carries a deeper, more philosophical nuance about coexistence and acceptance rather than simple moral judgment.

Example Sentences

じんせいにはせいだくあわせのむかくごがひつようだ。

In life, you need the resolve to accept both good and evil.

かれはせいだくをわけることなく、すべてのひとをこうへいにあつかう。

He treats everyone fairly without distinguishing between good and evil.

せいだくをのみこむというひょうげんは、こんなんやふせいもうけいれることをいみする。

The expression 'to swallow good and evil' means to accept difficulties and injustices.