Meaning and Usage
The verb 備わる (そなわる) means "to be furnished with" or "to possess" something essential or necessary. It is often used to describe rooms, equipment, or people having certain qualities or features inherently or as a result of preparation.
Common Contexts
- Describing facilities or rooms equipped with specific features (e.g., 最新の設備が備わっている).
- Talking about a person possessing qualities or skills (e.g., リーダーに必要な資質が備わっている).
- Referring to objects or systems that have built-in functions (e.g., セキュリティ機能が備わっている).
Collocations and Patterns
- ～が備わっている: indicates that something is equipped or furnished with a feature.
- 資質が備わる: to possess qualities or talents.
- 機能が備わる: to have functions or capabilities.
Register and Nuance
備わる is a formal and somewhat literary verb, often found in written language or formal speech. It implies that the feature or quality is inherently present or properly installed, rather than temporarily added.
Common Mistakes
Learners sometimes confuse 備わる with 備える (そなえる), which means "to prepare" or "to equip" actively. 備わる is intransitive and describes a state of being equipped, while 備える is transitive and describes the action of equipping or preparing.