きん

germ, bacterium

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"菌" (きん) refers to microorganisms such as bacteria and germs. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, hygiene, and microbiology.

Common Collocations

  • 乳酸菌 (にゅうさんきん): lactic acid bacteria, often mentioned in food and health contexts.
  • 菌が広がる (きんがひろがる): germs/bacteria spread, used when talking about infection or contamination.
  • 菌に対して効果がある (きんにたいしてこうかがある): effective against bacteria, often used in medical or pharmaceutical contexts.

Usage Notes

When using "菌," speakers often imply microscopic organisms that can be either harmful or beneficial. It is a neutral term but often appears in health-related discussions. Be careful not to confuse "菌" with "菌類" (きんるい), which refers to fungi as a broader category.

"菌" is a noun and can be combined with other words to specify types of bacteria or germs. It is a common term in everyday conversation about cleanliness, illness prevention, and food safety.

Example Sentences

このよーぐるとにはにゅうさんきんがたくさんふくまれています。

This yogurt contains a lot of lactic acid bacteria.

てをあらわないときんがひろがるかのうせいがあります。

If you don't wash your hands, germs can spread.

このくすりはきんにたいしてこうかがあります。

This medicine is effective against bacteria.