あく

evil, vice

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Understanding 悪 (あく)

The kanji 悪 primarily means "evil" or "bad." It is often used to describe moral wrongness, harmfulness, or negative qualities. In conversation, 悪 can refer to abstract concepts like evil deeds or bad intentions.

Common Uses and Nuances

  • 悪 is often paired with words like 悪い (わるい) meaning "bad" or "wrong," which is a very common adjective.
  • It can describe both moral evil and general badness, such as bad weather or bad luck, but in those cases 悪い is more common than the noun 悪.
  • 悪 can also appear in compound words like 悪者 (わるもの, villain) or 悪意 (あくい, malice).

Collocations and Patterns

  • 悪に染まる (あくにそまる): to be corrupted by evil, often used figuratively.
  • 悪を憎む (あくをにくむ): to hate evil, expressing moral judgment.
  • 悪いことをする (わるいことをする): to do bad things, a common phrase to describe wrongdoing.

Usage Tips

When using 悪, be aware that it often carries a strong moral or ethical judgment. It is more formal or literary than simply saying "bad" in everyday conversation, where 悪い is more common. Avoid confusing 悪 (あく) with 悪い (わるい); the former is a noun or part of compounds, while the latter is an adjective.

In daily conversation, 悪い is more frequently used to describe bad conditions or feelings, while 悪 is used in more abstract or serious contexts.

Example Sentences

かれはあくにそまってしまった。

He has been corrupted by evil.

あくをにくむこころはたいせつだ。

It is important to hate evil.

わるいことをするとばつがあたる。

If you do bad things, you will be punished.