JLPT N3

Meaning and Usage

The kanji 友 (とも) primarily means "friend" or "companion." It is often used in both formal and informal contexts to refer to someone with whom you share a friendly relationship. Unlike 友達 (ともだち), which is a more common and casual word for "friend," 友 can carry a slightly more literary or formal nuance.

Common Collocations

  • 友と (ともと): "with a friend" — used to indicate doing something together with a friend.
  • 友になる (ともになる): "to become friends" — used when forming a friendship.
  • 親友 (しんゆう): "close/best friend" — a compound word using 友 to emphasize closeness.

Usage Notes

When using 友, it often appears in compound words or more formal expressions. Learners sometimes confuse 友 with 友達; 友達 is more common in everyday conversation, while 友 can sound more literary or poetic. Also, 友 alone can imply a friend in a general sense, not necessarily a close friend.

Register and Politeness

友 is neutral in politeness but tends to appear in written or formal speech rather than casual talk. In daily conversation, 友達 is preferred.

Common Mistake

Avoid using 友 alone in casual speech to mean "friend" unless in set phrases or compounds. Instead, use 友達 for natural conversation.

Example Sentences

かれはわたしのいちばんのともです。

He is my best friend.

ともといっしょにえいがをみにいきました。

I went to see a movie with a friend.

ともだちではなく、ただのともです。

Not a close friend, just an acquaintance.