かりに

かりに

temporarily

JLPT N1

Meaning and Usage

The adverb かりに is used to express a hypothetical or conditional situation, often translated as "if" or "supposing that." It sets up a scenario that may not be real but is imagined for the sake of argument or explanation.

Common Contexts

It is frequently used in formal or written Japanese, especially in logical or hypothetical discussions. It often appears with verbs in the conditional form (e.g., としたら, としても).

Collocations and Patterns

  • かりに〜としたら: "If we suppose that..." Used to introduce a hypothetical condition.
  • かりに〜としても: "Even if..." Used to express concession or hypothetical contrast.

Nuance and Register

This word carries a formal tone and is more common in written or academic contexts than in casual conversation. It helps speakers discuss possibilities without asserting them as facts.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse かりに with かりそめ (temporary or fleeting), but かりに strictly relates to hypothetical or conditional assumptions, not temporary states.

Example Sentences

かりにかれがくるとしたら、なにをはなすつもりですか?

If he were to come, what do you intend to talk about?

かりにしっぱいしても、またちょうせんすればいい。

Even if you fail temporarily, you can try again.

かりにそのはなしがほんとうだとしても、しょうこがひつようだ。

Even if that story is true, evidence is necessary.