気の毒

きのどく

pitiful, a pity

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"気の毒" (きのどく) is an expression used to show sympathy or pity towards someone who is in an unfortunate or difficult situation. It can mean "pitiful," "a pity," or "sorry for you." It is often used in both spoken and written Japanese to express empathy.

Common Contexts

You will hear "気の毒" when someone wants to express genuine sympathy for another person's misfortune, such as illness, accidents, or personal troubles. It can also be used politely to soften bad news or refusals.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 気の毒に思う: to feel sorry for someone
  • 気の毒ですが: a polite phrase to express regret or soften refusal
  • 本当に気の毒だ: emphasizing sincere pity

Register and Politeness

"気の毒" is polite and appropriate in formal and informal situations. When combined with "ですが," it becomes a polite way to deliver bad news or decline requests.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "気の毒" with casual expressions of pity like "かわいそう." While both express sympathy, "気の毒" is slightly more formal and can be used in polite contexts, whereas "かわいそう" is more casual and emotional.

Example Sentences

かれはじこでけがをして、ほんとうにきのどくだ。

He got injured in an accident; it's really pitiful.

きのどくですが、そのしごとはもうきまってしまいました。

I'm sorry, but that job has already been decided.

かのじょのはなしをきいて、きのどくにおもった。

After hearing her story, I felt sorry for her.