苦痛

くつう

pain, agony

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"苦痛" (くつう) refers to physical or mental pain and suffering. It is a noun commonly used in both medical and everyday contexts to describe intense discomfort or agony.

Common Collocations

  • 苦痛に耐える (くつうにたえる): to endure pain
  • 苦痛を和らげる (くつうをやわらげる): to relieve pain
  • 精神的な苦痛 (せいしんてきなくつう): mental pain

Nuances and Register

"苦痛" carries a somewhat formal tone and is often used in written language, medical reports, or serious conversations. It emphasizes the severity or intensity of the pain rather than mild discomfort.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "苦痛" with "痛み" (いたみ), which also means pain. "痛み" is more general and can refer to any pain, while "苦痛" often implies a deeper or more prolonged suffering. Use "苦痛" when you want to stress the hardship or agony involved.

Example Sentences

かれはながいあいだ、くつうにたえていた。

He endured pain for a long time.

くつうをやわらげるためにくすりをのんだ。

I took medicine to relieve the pain.

せいしんてきなくつうはときにしんたいのいたみよりもつらい。

Mental pain is sometimes more severe than physical pain.