緩む

ゆるむ

to become loose, to slacken

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"緩む" (ゆるむ) means "to become loose" or "to slacken." It is often used to describe physical things like screws or knots becoming less tight, but also abstract states such as tension or concentration easing.

Common Contexts

You will hear it when talking about mechanical parts that need tightening, or when describing a person's mood or focus becoming less strict or intense.

Collocations and Patterns

  • ネジが緩む: a screw becomes loose, used in mechanical contexts.
  • 緊張が緩む: tension slackens, common in emotional or psychological contexts.
  • 気持ちが緩む: feelings relax, often implying a drop in vigilance or seriousness.

Register and Nuance

This verb is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal situations. It often implies a slight negative effect when something that should be tight or strict becomes loose.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "緩む" with "緩める" (ゆるめる), which means "to loosen" (an action done by someone). Remember, "緩む" is intransitive (something becomes loose by itself).

Example Sentences

ねじがゆるんでいるので、しめなおしてください。

The screw is loose, so please tighten it again.

きんちょうがゆるんで、ついわらってしまった。

My tension slackened, and I ended up laughing.

さむさでからだがゆるんでしまった。

My body relaxed because of the cold.