朽ちる

くちる

to rot

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 朽ちる (くちる) primarily means "to rot" or "to decay," often used for organic materials like wood, leaves, or old buildings. It conveys a natural process of decomposition over time.

Common Contexts

朽ちる is frequently used in nature-related contexts, such as leaves or wood rotting. It can also be metaphorical, describing efforts, promises, or reputations that fade or deteriorate.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 朽ちる + て-form + 土に帰る: describing natural decay returning to the earth.
  • 朽ちてしまう: emphasizing complete decay or ruin.
  • 努力が朽ちる: metaphorically meaning efforts wasted or lost.

Register and Nuance

朽ちる is a neutral verb, suitable for both written and spoken Japanese, often found in literary or descriptive contexts. It is not formal or casual but descriptive.

Common Learner Mistake

Avoid confusing 朽ちる with 腐る (くさる), which also means "to rot" but is more commonly used for food and less for wood or abstract concepts. 朽ちる often implies a slower, natural decay process, especially for wood or structures.

Example Sentences

このはがくちてつちにかえる。

The leaves rot and return to the soil.

ふるいいえがながいねんげつでくちてしまった。

The old house has rotted away over many years.

かれのどりょくはむだにくちることはない。

His efforts will not rot away in vain.