失格

しっかく

disqualification, elimination, incapacity (legal)

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"失格" (しっかく) primarily means "disqualification" or "elimination," often used in contexts like sports, exams, or competitions where someone loses their eligibility due to a rule violation or failure. It can also mean "incapacity" or "unfitness," especially in a moral or social sense, implying that someone does not meet the standards expected of a role or position.

Common Contexts

  • Sports and competitions: When a participant breaks rules or fails to meet criteria.
  • Exams and certifications: When a candidate fails or is disqualified.
  • Social or professional conduct: When someone's behavior is deemed inappropriate or unworthy of their status.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 失格になる: to become disqualified
  • 失格と判断される: to be judged as disqualified
  • 社会人として失格: unfit as a member of society
  • ルール違反で失格: disqualified due to rule violation

Register and Nuance

"失格" is a formal word often used in written language, official announcements, or serious conversations. It carries a strong negative judgment, so use it carefully to avoid offending someone.

Common Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse "失格" with simple failure (失敗). Remember, "失格" implies losing qualification or status, not just failing at a task.

Example Sentences

かれはルールいはんでしっかくになった。

He was disqualified for breaking the rules.

このしかくしけんにしっかくすると、さいじゅけんははんとしごです。

If you fail this qualification exam, you can retake it after six months.

かれのこうどうはしゃかいじんとしてしっかくだ。

His behavior is unfit for a member of society.