疲労

ひろう

fatigue, weariness

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Understanding 疲労 (ひろう)

疲労 refers to physical or mental fatigue resulting from exertion or stress. It is a formal term often used in medical, work, or sports contexts to describe a state of tiredness that affects performance or well-being.

Usage and Nuance

When speakers use 疲労, they imply a deeper or more serious level of tiredness than casual tiredness (like 疲れ). It often suggests accumulated or chronic fatigue rather than momentary tiredness.

Common Collocations

  • 疲労回復 (ひろうかいふく): fatigue recovery; used when talking about rest or treatments to regain energy.
  • 疲労感 (ひろうかん): feeling of fatigue; describes subjective sensation.
  • 疲労困憊 (ひろうこんぱい): extreme exhaustion; a strong expression for being completely worn out.

Register and Formality

疲労 is more formal and technical than 疲れ. It appears frequently in written language, medical reports, and formal speech. In casual conversation, people often use 疲れ instead.

Common Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse 疲労 with 疲れ. Remember 疲労 is more formal and often used for accumulated or serious fatigue, while 疲れ is more general and casual.

Example Sentences

ちょうじかんのうんどうでからだにひろうがたまった。

After long hours of exercise, fatigue accumulated in my body.

ひろうかいふくのためにじゅうぶんなきゅうそくがひつようだ。

Sufficient rest is necessary for recovery from fatigue.

しごとのひろうがたまって、しゅうちゅうりょくがおちてしまった。

Accumulated work fatigue caused my concentration to drop.