不服

ふふく

dissatisfaction, discontent, disapproval

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"不服" (ふふく) primarily means dissatisfaction, discontent, or disapproval, often used in formal or legal contexts to express objection or refusal to accept a decision or outcome.

Common Contexts

It frequently appears in legal or official settings, such as filing an appeal or objection to a court ruling or administrative decision. It can also describe someone's facial expression or attitude when they are unhappy or unwilling to accept something.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 不服を申し立てる: to file an objection or appeal (common in legal contexts)
  • 不服そうな顔: a dissatisfied or displeased look
  • 不服がある: to have dissatisfaction or objections

Register and Nuance

The term is formal and often used in written or official speech rather than casual conversation. When used in daily speech, it might sound somewhat stiff or serious.

Common Learner Pitfall

Learners sometimes confuse 不服 with simple dissatisfaction words like 不満 (ふまん). 不服 implies a stronger refusal or formal objection, often with a legal or official nuance, whereas 不満 is more general dissatisfaction or complaint. Use 不服 when emphasizing formal objection or refusal to accept something.

Example Sentences

かれははんけつにふふくをもうしたてた。

He filed an objection to the verdict.

ふふくそうなかおをしているが、どうしたの?

You look dissatisfied, what's wrong?

かいしゃのけっていにふふくがあるばあいは、じょうしにそうだんしてください。

If you have any dissatisfaction with the company's decision, please consult your supervisor.