研ぐ

とぐ

to sharpen, to grind, to polish

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 研ぐ (とぐ) primarily means "to sharpen" or "to grind," often used with tools like knives or blades. It also means "to wash" or "to rinse," especially in the context of washing rice (お米を研ぐ). Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to mean "to polish" or "to refine" skills or abilities.

Common Collocations

  • 包丁を研ぐ: to sharpen a kitchen knife, a very common phrase in cooking.
  • お米を研ぐ: to wash or rinse rice before cooking.
  • 技術を研ぐ: to refine or sharpen one's skills.

Register and Nuance

研ぐ is a standard verb used in both formal and informal contexts. When referring to washing rice, it is a daily life expression. When used metaphorically for skills, it implies continuous effort and improvement.

Learner Tips

A common confusion is mixing 研ぐ (to sharpen/wash) with 磨く (みがく), which also means "to polish" or "to brush." Use 研ぐ for sharpening blades or washing rice, and 磨く for polishing surfaces or improving skills in a more general sense.

Example Sentences

ほうちょうをとぐのはりょうりのきほんです。

Sharpening the kitchen knife is fundamental to cooking.

おこめをといでからすいはんきにいれてください。

Please wash the rice before putting it in the rice cooker.

かれはまいにちじぶんのぎじゅつをといでいる。

He sharpens his skills every day.