どぶ

ditch, drain, gap

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word "溝" (どぶ) primarily refers to a physical ditch or drain, often found alongside roads or fields to channel water. It can also metaphorically mean a gap or division, such as a difference in opinions or feelings.

Common Contexts

In everyday conversation, "溝" is used when talking about physical drainage systems or ditches that can be hazards if not noticed. In more abstract contexts, it describes gaps between people or ideas.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 溝を埋める (みぞをうめる): to bridge a gap, often used metaphorically for resolving differences.
  • 溝に落ちる (みぞにおちる): to fall into a ditch, a literal usage.
  • 雨水の溝 (あまみずのみぞ): rainwater ditch, describing drainage.

Register and Nuance

"溝" is a neutral term but often appears in formal or written contexts when describing infrastructure or social issues. The reading "どぶ" is more common in everyday speech for physical ditches.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "溝" with "溝" read as "みぞ," which is more common in compound words or metaphorical uses. Remember that "どぶ" emphasizes the physical ditch or drain, while "みぞ" can be used more broadly for gaps or grooves.

Example Sentences

どうろのよこにふかいどぶがあるので、きをつけてあるいてください。

There is a deep ditch beside the road, so please be careful when walking.

このどぶはあまみずをながすためにつくられています。

This drain is made to channel rainwater.

いけんのみぞをうめるために、はなしあいがひつようだ。

A discussion is necessary to bridge the gap in opinions.