例える

たとえる

to compare, to liken

JLPT N2

Character Breakdown

Usage of える

The verb える is used to express the act of comparing or likening one thing to another, often to make an abstract or complex idea easier to understand. It is commonly used in spoken and written Japanese when giving examples or metaphors.

Common Contexts

You will often see える used when someone wants to explain something unfamiliar by relating it to something familiar, such as comparing a person's personality to an animal or describing life as an adventure.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 〜にえる: to liken to ~
  • 〜を〜にえる: to compare ~ to ~
  • よくえる: often liken

These patterns help structure sentences where one thing is being compared to another.

Nuances

Using える implies a figurative or metaphorical comparison rather than a literal one. It is more formal and literary than simply saying 较 (compare). Avoid confusing える with えば (for example), which introduces examples but does not itself mean to compare.

Example Sentences

He likes to compare human personalities to animals.

The teacher uses stories to liken complex scientific principles, helping students understand.

He often compares his life to an adventure.