振る

ふる

to wave, to shake

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 振る (ふる) primarily means "to wave" or "to shake," often used when waving hands, flags, or other objects. It also commonly means "to reject" or "to turn down" in social contexts, such as refusing invitations or offers.

Common Collocations

  • 手を振る (てをふる): to wave one's hand, commonly used when greeting or saying goodbye.
  • 旗を振る (はたをふる): to wave a flag, often in cheering or signaling.
  • 誘いを振る (さそいをふる): to reject an invitation.
  • 申し出を振る (もうしでをふる): to turn down an offer.

Nuances and Register

振る is a versatile verb used in both casual and formal contexts. When used to mean "reject," it can be direct but is generally polite enough for everyday conversation. The context usually clarifies whether it means waving or rejecting.

Common Learner Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse 振る with 振り回す (ふりまわす), which means "to swing around" or "to wield wildly." 振る is more controlled and often involves a deliberate action like waving or politely refusing.

Understanding the context is key to using 振る correctly, especially since it can mean both a physical action and a social refusal.

Example Sentences

てをふってともだちにさようならをいった。

I waved my hand to say goodbye to my friend.

かれはかのじょのさそいをふった。

He rejected her invitation.

はたをふってせんしゅたちをおうえんした。

I waved a flag to cheer the players.

かれはてをふってでんしゃにのりおくれたともだちにあいずした。

He waved his hand to signal his friend who missed the train.

かのじょはかれのもうしでをふった。

She turned down his offer.