模様

もよう

pattern, figure, design

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word "模様" (もよう) primarily means "pattern" or "design," referring to visual motifs on objects like clothes or fabrics. It is commonly used to describe the appearance of something decorative.

Besides physical patterns, "模様" can also refer to the "state" or "situation" of an event or condition, such as weather or meetings. In this sense, it conveys the idea of how things are unfolding or the current status.

Common Collocations

  • 模様が変わる: the pattern or situation changes (used for weather, events, or circumstances)
  • 模様を見守る: to watch the situation carefully
  • 模様替え: changing the pattern or arrangement (often used for room rearrangement)

Usage Notes

When used for physical patterns, "模様" is neutral and common in everyday conversation. When referring to situations or events, it often appears in formal or written contexts, such as news reports or official statements.

A common learner mistake is confusing "模様" with "模様替え" (rearrangement). Remember that "模様" alone refers to the pattern or situation, while "模様替え" means changing the arrangement or decor.

Register

"模様" is a standard noun used in both casual and formal contexts depending on the meaning. For patterns, it is casual and descriptive; for situations, it tends to be more formal or journalistic.

Example Sentences

このしゃつのもようはとてもからふるですね。

The pattern on this shirt is very colorful.

てんきのもようがかわってきたので、かさをもっていったほうがいい。

The weather pattern has changed, so you should take an umbrella.

かいぎのもようはあとでほうこくします。

I will report on the situation of the meeting later.