火災

かさい

conflagration, fire

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word 火災 (かさい) specifically refers to a fire incident, often implying a destructive or dangerous fire such as a building or forest fire. It is a formal term commonly used in news reports, official documents, and emergency contexts.

Common Contexts

You will often see 火災 used when talking about fire alarms (火災報知器), fire prevention (火災予防), or fire damage (火災被害). It is not used for small or controlled fires like a campfire.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 火災報知器 (かさいほうちき): fire alarm device
  • 火災現場 (かさいげんば): fire scene or site
  • 火災保険 (かさいほけん): fire insurance
  • 火災が起きる: a fire breaks out

Register and Nuance

火災 is a neutral to formal word. It is appropriate in both spoken and written Japanese when discussing serious fires. It is not casual and is rarely used in everyday conversation unless reporting or describing an incident.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 火災 with 火事 (かじ), which also means fire. 火事 is more general and can be used in casual speech, while 火災 is more formal and specific to incidents involving damage or danger. Use 火災 when emphasizing the seriousness or official nature of the fire.

Example Sentences

さくや、きんじょでおおきなかさいがありました。

Last night, there was a big fire in the neighborhood.

かさいほうちきがなって、すぐにひなんしました。

The fire alarm went off, and we evacuated immediately.

かさいのげんいんをしらべるためにせんもんかがきました。

Experts came to investigate the cause of the fire.