参考

さんこう

reference, consultation

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Usage of 参考

The word 参考 (cānkǎo) is commonly used to mean 'to refer to' or 'to consult' something as a source of information or guidance. It often appears in contexts where one uses materials, documents, or rules as a basis for decision-making or learning.

Common Collocations

  • 参考资料 (reference materials): used when talking about documents or data used for consultation.
  • 参考 (reference book): a book used for consultation or study.
  • 参考意见 (reference opinion): opinions used as a reference but not necessarily binding.

Nuances

When using 参考, the speaker implies that the information is helpful but not the sole authority. It is often used in formal or academic contexts but also in everyday situations like filling forms or completing tasks.

Avoiding Confusion

Do not confuse 参考 with 参观 (to visit) or 参加 (to participate). 参考 focuses on consulting or referring to information, not physical participation or visiting.

Summary

Use 参考 when you want to express consulting or referring to something for information or guidance. It is a versatile word useful in academic, professional, and daily contexts.

Example Sentences

You can consult this book to complete your homework.

The meeting minutes can be used as reference material.

Please refer to the company's regulations when filling out the form.