ぺこぺこ

ぺこぺこ

fawn, be very hungry

JLPT N1

Meaning and Usage

The word ぺこぺこ has two main uses: to describe being very hungry and to describe a person who is fawning or excessively bowing to someone, usually to show respect or to flatter.

Hunger Usage

When used to describe hunger, ぺこぺこ is an informal and vivid way to say "very hungry". It often appears in casual conversation, especially among friends or family. For example, お腹がぺこぺこだ means "I'm starving".

Fawning Usage

As a mimetic word describing behavior, ぺこぺこ can mean bowing repeatedly or acting overly humble or servile. This usage often has a negative nuance, implying insincerity or excessive flattery.

Common Collocations

  • お腹がぺこぺこ (to be very hungry)
  • ぺこぺこする (to fawn or bow repeatedly)
  • ぺこぺこ頭を下げる (to bow one's head repeatedly)

Register and Nuance

The hunger meaning is casual and friendly, suitable for informal speech. The fawning meaning can be used in both casual and formal contexts but often carries a slightly critical tone.

Learner Tips

Be careful not to confuse ぺこぺこ with ぺこり, which is a single bow. ぺこぺこ implies repeated or exaggerated bowing or hunger. Also, when using ぺこぺこ to describe hunger, it is usually about the speaker or close people, not strangers.

Example Sentences

あさごはんをたべていないから、おなかがぺこぺこだ。

I haven't eaten breakfast, so I'm very hungry.

かれはじょうしにぺこぺこしてばかりいる。

He is always fawning over his boss.

こどもたちはあそびつかれて、ぺこぺこになっていた。

The children were exhausted from playing and very hungry.