弁解

べんかい

explanation, justification, excuse

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word "弁解" (べんかい) refers to an explanation or excuse given to justify or defend one's actions, often when trying to avoid blame. It is commonly used in formal or serious contexts where someone attempts to explain or defend a mistake or fault.

Common Contexts

"弁解" is often used when someone is responding to criticism or accusations. It can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying that the excuse might not be fully convincing or is seen as self-serving.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 弁解する: to make an excuse or explanation.
  • 弁解の余地がない: no room for excuse or justification.
  • 弁解を聞く: to listen to someone's excuse.

Register and Nuance

This word is more formal and is often found in written language, news reports, or formal conversations. It is less common in casual speech where simpler words like 言い訳 (いいわけ) might be used.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 弁解 with 言い訳. While both mean "excuse," 弁解 tends to be more formal and can imply a reasoned defense, whereas 言い訳 often has a more negative connotation of making a weak or dishonest excuse. Use 弁解 when you want to sound more formal or serious.

Example Sentences

かれはちこくしたりゆうについてべんかいしたが、だれもなっとくしなかった。

He made an excuse about why he was late, but no one was convinced.

べんかいのよちはない。あなたのミスです。

There is no room for excuse. It’s your mistake.

かのじょはじぶんのこうどうについてべんかいすることなく、すなおにあやまった。

She apologized honestly without making any excuses for her actions.